Comparative Theory Essay: Ethnohistory and The Postcolonial Perspective

In The Houses of History, selected and introduced by Anna Green and Kathleen Troup, the different theories of the twentieth century are broken down and specifics are introduced about each theory. Historians use these theories to study certain aspects of history and to be able to compare two theories to each other and the problems each theory addresses must be identified. With all aspects of history having some sort of connection, it would be better to take a holistic approach to the history of different eras. As we first read in Arnold earlier in the semester, "History is above all else an argument (Arnold 13)." Therefore, to compare two theories of history, the argument must begin with the facts of the theory and what that theory is used for, and then argue where it might have flaws or not connect history together. Beginning with ethnohistory, which includes anthropology, the beginnings of the different studies of mankind are introduced, when the book then jumps to a postcolonial perspective the views of the future are pointed to the mistakes of the past. Each theory has a purpose to explaining the views and studies of different historians around the world. This essay will compare my views on ethnohistory combined with anthropology versus the views of postcolonial history. To start with anthropology, and outlining the timelines of mankind, one can start cumulating the facts around how humans have evolved throughout hundreds and thousands of years. Using anthropology as a theory of history is the ability to understand the social and cultural behaviors that connect the concept of human culture. As historians there are many benefits from using anthropology, studying the behaviors of human kind and all of its variations is a true... ...d the study of linguistics has allowed postcolonial historians to get a view point from theses Indigenous cultures about the European influences they have encountered. Both of these theories benefit from each other, and are able to help historians elaborate on finding the facts and presenting them as a primary source. To consider these theories not to be main factors for historians would be a false statement, as historians in the twenty-first century, we must enable ourselves to use such theories because there are always issues to argue about and pulling from the past and engaging in it can complete our argument. Works Cited Arnold, John H. History a Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2000. Print. Green, Anna, and Kathleen Troup. The Houses of History: a Critical Reader in Twentieth-century History and Theory. New York: New York UP, 1999. Print.

Language and Identity Essay

Who am I? What is it that defines that personality? Anzaldua argues in her essay that the language is what defines one’s identity. Language is indeed an important component of culture, and culture is known to be a crucial definer of identity. People use language to connect to their identities and communicating their realities and values to themselves and to the world around them†¦ In other words, language is important because people use it to express their thoughts and beliefs. â€Å"People evolve a language in order to describe and thus control their circumstances† (Baldwin 109). Consequently, language does not necessarily define identity as much as identity defines language. People decide on what language to use in order to communicate with their communities according to their identities. One’s identity defines and regulates the use of language and not the contrary. People speak different languages; this difference is used to identify and distinguish between different people, different ethnicities and races. The human need to belong to a group makes them abide to a specific language and dialect that represents their specific community and differentiate it from the rest. Language is what connects people to their communities; they are directly connected to people who speak the same language as them. Anzaldua argues that â€Å"Ethnic identity is twin skin to linguistic, I am my language† (Anzaldua 136), which strongly supports the fact that language is used to ensure that people belong to group. Talking the same language and using the same expressions defines to which group people belong to, it also evaluates the truthfulness of the affiliation. â€Å"Until I can take pride in my language, I cannot take pride in myself†, which basically states that language shapes one’s identity. This statement however, does not apply to all situations and communities and is certainly not constant. There are people who cannot identify to a specific group but rather to a variety of communal affiliations. Most people speak multiple languages; each language connects them to a specific culture and group of people. Tan clearly mentions in her story that she had to speak two different languages to her Asian mom who had her own made up English. Tan relates to both her Asian descent and American belongings by using her mom’s made up English to speak with her mom, and uses the proper English to give lectures and speak to most Americans. On the same grounds, Anzaldua learned through her life experiences to frequently use multiple types of English, and many other Dialects of proper Spanish and Mexican Spanish. She uses each language to communicate, connect and affiliate to specific people according to their background. This proves that the assumption that language defines culture and identity fails. What happens to the people who speak many languages, do they not get the benefit and pride of belonging to a certain community? Rather the contrary, they belong to multiple communities and they choose which group they want to communicate with and with which language. People have the ability to switch from a language to another to be part of a group and this supports the idea that identity defines and shapes language, and not the opposite. Language is used as a way to identify with people, but it is also used to distinguish between them. People use language to differentiate between people and associate them to a specific culture and community according to the language they speak. America is known for having a diverse population, and people are identified based on their language; Mexicans can be recognized to be Mexicans because of their accents even though they might be Caucasian. Tan argues that her mom spoke broken English that limited the people’s perception of her capacities. â€Å"People in department stores, banks, restaurants, did not take her seriously† (Tan 144)which strictly proves that people who do speak the proper language of the specific group they happen to be in generates a different treatment than that a true English speaker. Baldwin denounces that black Americans are treated differently than white Americans because they speak English with a different accent. When speaking â€Å"Black English, you have confessed your parents, your youth, your school, your salary, your self-esteem, and, alas, your future† (Baldwin 110) according to Baldwin. People associate language with background which then leads to choose to treat that specific person a talk to him a way they associate with the people who speak that exact same language. In this case, for the minority, it is language that assumes their behavior, but for the other dominant group, it is identity that shapes behavior. It is their identity that tells them that a specific language must be allocated with that specific type of person and then treat them in the way it is conventions set. People speak a specific language because it is in their identity to do so, and they choose to treat people differently according to language. This allows me to conclude that identity defines language, and language triggers behavior. Language is a major crucial component of our everyday life; it is used to differentiate between different categories of people, connect with one each group, and then choose how they will address those people. People argue that it is language that defines which type of person you are and shapes your identity. The arguments and the authors I quoted obviously proved the contrary, and stated that it is one’s identity that sets up and decides on the language used. References: Anzaldua, Gloria.  «How to Tame a Wild Tongue. » Nancy R Comley, David Hamilton, Carl H Klaus, Robert Scholes, Nancy Sommers, Jason T ougaw. Fields of Reading. New york : Bedford/ St. Martin’s , 2010. 131-141. Baldwin, James.  «If black english Isn’t a language, Then Tell Me, What is. » Nancy R Comley, David Hamilton, Carl H Klaus, Robert Scholes, Nancy Sommers, Jason Tougaw. Fields of Reading. Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2010. 109-113. Tan, Amy.  «Mother Tongue. » Nancy R Comley, David Hamilton, Carl H Klaus, Robert Scholes, Nancy Sommers, Jason Tougaw. Fields of Reading. New York : Bedford/St. Matin’s, 2010. 142-147.

Greek And Roman Literature.an Epistolary Poem Essay

Introduction: Epistolary poems are one of the ancient forms in literature which could be traced in Greek and Roman literature.An epistolary poem is written in a form of letter addressed to an individual or to a society. The term epistleis derived from the Latin term Epistula which means a letter. Poets present their poems in the form of letters appealing to emotions and feelings. Epistolary poems may be objective or subjective, formal or colloquial, directed to an individual or to a general public. It may take any form from heroic couplets to blank verse. While exploring the origin of epistolary form in poetry, the scholars could peg varied themes being dealt in the poems, from Philosophical concepts to daily mundane activities. Letters is a powerful medium that brings people together. Philosophers, sociologists, literary writers widely use the form of epistles to drive home their views and ideas effectively. Exploring the origin of epistolary poems lucidly illumines the fact that poets effuse their thoughts through epistles effectively. Epistolary poems are penned for pedagogical purpose also. The poems of epistles can be objective registering distant views pertaining to social issues or subjective imparting personal feelings and emotions of the writer. Origin of epistolary poems could be traced back to Roman Literature between 43 B.C to 17or 18 A.D when the great Roman poet Ovid wrote Heroides (The Heroines) or EpistulaeHeroidum (letters of Heroines) comprising of

Career Portfolio - 1223 Words

CAREER DEVELOPMENT PORTFOLIO Table of Contents Introduction 1 Significant Life Experiences 2, 3 Analysis of Accomplishments 4, 5 Inventory of Skills and Competencies 6 Work Philosophy and Goals 7 Resume 8, 9 Sample of Work 10 Credentials, Certificates, Workshops 11, 12, 13 Appendix 14 INTRODUCTION The Career Development Portfolio I am submitting exhibits hours of self-assessment and documentation. The purpose of this portfolio is to highlight my strengths, skills and competencies in order to gain college credit for a class that I have completed at Cleveland Community†¦show more content†¦Inventory of Skills and Competencies Basic Skills: Reading, writing, listening, speaking, math Thinking Skills: Possesses critical thinking, creative problem solving skills, ability to learn, reason and mental visualization (Gaynell Krauss – co-worker) Personal Qualities: Positive attitude, dependability, good self-esteem, sociability, integrity and self-management. (Kari Thomas- Friend) Interpersonal Skills: Teaches others, team member, leadership, works well with diverse groups and serves clients and customers. (Shelley Upton – Current Employer) Information: Acquires, evaluates, organizes, maintains and uses computers. (Cleveland Community College) System: Understands monitors, corrects, designs and improves systems. Resources: Allocates time, money, material, people, and space. (Shelley Upton – Current Employer) Technology: Selects, applies, maintains and troubleshoots. WORK PHILOSOPHY My immediate educational goal is to obtain a two year business degree. My goal is to become a N.C. Cosmetology State Inspector. In 5 years, I would like to become a cosmetology instructor and in the future own a cosmetology school. An area that I would like to improve in is community service. I strongly believe in giving back to the community and society. I would also like to improve my writing abilities along with my technology skills. 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The American Civil War The United States - 1621 Words

The American civil war has been butchered up in many history books, leaving the average American citizen to believe that white American men fought to end slavery. Although slavery did have a bit of influence on the war, it was not the reason the United States went to war. Also white men weren’t the only ones who fought in the war, many black men enlisted and were given awards for their bravery. Through trial and error abolition of slavery became the latent reason for the Civil War. When Lincoln was elected into the office, the South realized that slavery was coming to an end. Many southern States feared the economic drop, this led the southern states to secede from the Union. The very first state to secede was South Carolina in 1860, followed by many other states. There was a lot of confusion in the North over why the Southern States had seceded before Lincoln had even gotten to Washington. Yet in the South there already was an agreement that they would remain an independent c ountry who depended on slavery in their economy. Since the Southern states fought for their own independence from the Union, the Union fought to restore its self. In April of 1861 American forces refused to leave fort Sumter in South Carolina, thus starting the Civil War. In the beginning of the war neither side allowed African American soldiers. The southern confederates kept using African Americans as slaves on their plantations making supplies for their army. Similarly in the North, AfricanShow MoreRelatedThe American Civil War : The United States1719 Words   |  7 PagesEducator Riffel History 111 22 May 2017 The American Civil War The Civil War was the main focus in America s history. The Civil War was determined on what kind of nation it will advance toward, but the American Revolution made the United States. 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The Puppy Who Lost His Way Free Essays

â€Å"He had never slept in a better bed, Rainsford decided. † As morning comes Rainsford is awaken by the shouting of a man, a more familiar voice says Rainsford quietly to himself. Beyond his belief he stumbles to the window of the chateau to see Whitney yelling for help from the wrecked boat. We will write a custom essay sample on The Puppy Who Lost His Way or any similar topic only for you Order Now Rainsford says he’s back to find his friend who he had lost only but four days ago. Rainsford stumbles down the steps and greets his friend just as zaroff had met hlrn at the door. Rainsford brings Whitney In and Rainsford explains everything that had happened to him the past few days. That Zaroff man seems like a monster, Whitney said. Rainsford then takes Whitney around the island showing him the numerous spots were he had been hiding from Zaroff He also showed Whitney the 10 slaves in the basement; this is Just making Whitney even more and more disgusted about this Zaroff man. The two men then come back to the eerie chateau for a somewhat royal lunch. Rainsford thinks to himself that Is seems as If Whitney Is the same position he was In Just a few days ago. He also realizes that he himself is now Zaroff Rainsford remains nearly speechless for the rest of the lunch. As night approaches Whitney is bewildered to find that Rainsford is gone, He goes outside and not but a minute passes and hears a rustle of the bushes, out emerges a dark shadowy figure. It is Rainsford with his shirt soaking in blood, Whitney, says Rainsford you are awake How to cite The Puppy Who Lost His Way, Papers

Case Study on Calgary Oil Shale Technologies

Question: Case study on Calgary Oil Shale Technologies. Answer: The case study on Calgary Oil Shale Technologies focuses on the core concept of introducing teamwork and co-operation among the different hierarchies of employees in an organization to ensure the smooth functioning of the organization. It helps to overcome the differences that are prevalent between the workers and management level authorities and ensures that the morale of the employees stays high (Hollensen, 2015). This ultimately ensures increased productivity of the organization and results in profitability. Role played by Carlos Debrito in the success of Alberta team-based productivity project Carlos Debrito played a very crucial part in the Alberta team-based pilot project. Carlos had worked for Calgary Oil Shale Technologies (COST) for twenty-six years and in this long span, he had worked in every possible position of line and staff that the company is made of. This experience had enabled him to understand the functioning of the company to the minutest of details (Hutt Speh, 2012). In short, he was well aware of the nitty-gritties that constituted the company and the problems that its employees faced both on the field-side and technical side of the business. Algoma Howard, who was the person-in-charge for the implementation of Alberta productivity project, asked Carlos Debrito to become the leader of this project because of the experience he had amassed and the respect he had earned among his colleagues (Meffert, 2013). She was pleased when Carlos Debrito agreed to her proposal and took up this project as one final challenge before his retirement. Debrito gave inputs to Howard regarding the problems that the employees in Alberta were facing, the differences among the hourly workers, the equipment-maintenance people and the engineers (geologists, geophysicists). Together, they devised certain methods to address these problems so that the differences among the employees could be sorted out and they could all work in a congenial and collaborative environment (Philip, 2016). Disputes among the working classes in a company are inevitable. According to Joseph F. Byrnes, a professor of management at Waltham, the parties who are warring with each other should be given a chance to resolve and reconcile their differences before any orders from higher authorities are issued. (Workplace Conflict Resolution by Byrnes) Debrito made use of this approach to resolve conflicts in Alberta. Leadership Approach employed by Carlos Debrito to help reduce conflict between labor and Professionals Various models of leadership approach have come into existence over a long period of time as industries and businesses have taken shape. Few of them are autocratic leadership, participative-style leadership, cross-cultural leadership, emergent leadership, situational leadership etc. (Journal of Social Psychology). According to the need of the hour, one particular approach or a combination of approaches has to be employed by a leader to resolve conflicts among the employees (Sheth Sisodia, 2015). The leadership approach that was employed by Carlos Debrito in this case is that of a mix of team leadership and participative style leadership. Debrito encouraged team-building practices such as fireside chats where demands of a particular group or complaints about the other group were discussed. Debrito made sure that these meetings were conducted in a peaceful manner and were fruitful. He would crack a joke to ease the situation when the tension reached a peak. He also adopted the partici pative style of leadership (Wilson Gilligan, 2012). He did not subject himself as a leader but set examples to bring about conciliation by doing things himself. When it was decided that the warring groups would engage in weekly hockey matches to ease off the tension, Debrito became the goalie for one side. So, we can clearly see his team-building and participative style of leadership. Agreement with Algoma Howards view that the Colorado Project needed a Carlos Debrito There is but no other opinion other than agreement with Algoma Howards view in this context. The team-based productivity project in Alberta was a success owing to the experience and innovativeness of Carlos Debrito (Meffert, 2013). Howard met no such personality in Colorado who could tell her about the problems in that subsidiary and it was obvious that the ideas that made Alberta a success could not be used as predefined rules in the case of Colorado (Philip, 2016). Morale did not boost up among the employees by implementing the methods that were used in Alberta because there was no person like Carlos Debrito who the people trusted and respected. There was no participation of the Colorado employees in the events that were organized by Howard and team as there was no person like Debrito to ensure participation of the workers in these events. The gap between the Colorado employees and Howards team could never be bridged (Wilson Gilligan, 2012). It can be clearly observed from the case study how team-building projects can help in improvement of work culture of an organization and improve productivity and profitability. However, not all problems are same and an unique approach has to be adopted for each of them to ensure that a healthy and nurturing work culture is maintained. References Chan, H.K., He, H. and Wang, W.Y., 2012. Green marketing and its impact on supply chain management in industrial markets.Industrial Marketing Management,41(4), pp.557-562. Foxall, G., 2014.Strategic Marketing Management (RLE Marketing)(Vol. 3). Routledge. Hollensen, S., 2015.Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Hutt, M. and Speh, T., 2012.Business marketing management: B2B. Cengage Learning. Meffert, H., 2013.Marketing-Management: AnalyseStrategieImplementierung. Springer-Verlag. Philip, K., 2016. Marketing Management-Millennium Edition. Sheth, J.N. and Sisodia, R.S., 2015.Does marketing need reform?: Fresh perspectives on the future. Routledge. Wilson, R.M. and Gilligan, C., 2012.Strategic marketing management. Routledge.